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1.
Rev. cuba. reumatol ; 24(3)sept. 2022.
Article in Spanish | CUMED, LILACS | ID: biblio-1530159

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las enfermedades pulmonares intersticiales difusas constituyen un grupo amplio de afecciones, con manifestaciones clínicas, expresión radiológica y alteraciones funcionales del intersticio pulmonar. Objetivo: Describir el comportamiento clínico y radiológico de la enfermedad intersticial difusa sintomática en pacientes diagnosticados con enfermedades reumáticas. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo transversal, con una población compuesta por 33 pacientes con manifestaciones respiratorias secundarias a enfermedades reumáticas entre enero de 2020 a enero de 2021 en el Hospital Universitario Clínico Quirúrgico Arnaldo Milián Castro. La muestra estuvo conformada por la totalidad de los pacientes. El análisis estadístico se llevó a cabo por medio de estadística descriptiva de cada variable. Resultados: Existió un mayor número de mujeres afectadas (75,8 por ciento) por esclerosis sistémica (31 por ciento), artritis reumatoide (27 por ciento) y lupus eritematoso sistémico (21 por ciento). La afectación respiratoria predominante fue de 81,8 por ciento con compromiso intersticial asociada a un patrón radiológico de neumonitis intersticial usual con 5 casos (21,4 por ciento), todos ligados a artritis reumatoide. Para 25 casos (75,8 por ciento) hubo un retraso diagnóstico menor de 1 año; la enfermedad reumática antecedió a la manifestación respiratoria en 21 casos (63,6 por ciento). Conclusiones: El compromiso intersticial fue la manifestación respiratoria más frecuente; los patrones de neumonitis intersticial usual y la neumonía intersticial no específica predominaron como hallazgos imagenológicos. La secuencia diagnóstica apuntó hacia las enfermedades reumáticas como el debut del proceso(AU)


Introduction: Diffuse interstitial lung diseases constitute a wide group of conditions, with clinical manifestations, radiological expression and functional alterations of the pulmonary interstitium. Objective: To describe the clinical and radiological behavior of symptomatic diffuse interstitial disease in patients diagnosed with collagenosis. Methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out. The population consisted of 33 patients with respiratory manifestations secondary to rheumatic diseases. The sample consisted of all the patients. Statistical analysis was carried out by means of descriptive statistics for each variable. Results: There was a greater number of women affected (75.8 percent) by systemic sclerosis (31percent), rheumatoid arthritis (27 percent) and systemic lupus erythematosus (21 percent). The predominant respiratory involvement was 81.8 percent with interstitial involvement associated with a radiological pattern of usual interstitial pneumonitis with 5 cases (21.4 percent), all linked to rheumatoid arthritis. For 25 cases (75.8 percent) there was a diagnostic delay of less than 1-year, rheumatic diseases preceded the respiratory manifestation in 21 cases (63.6 percent). Conclusions: Interstitial involvement was the most frequent respiratory manifestation; the patterns of usual interstitial pneumonitis and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia as predominated imaging findings. The diagnostic sequence pointed towards rheumatic diseases were the debut of the process(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Lung Diseases, Interstitial/complications , Rheumatic Diseases/complications
2.
Rev. cuba. reumatol ; 24(2): e1032, mayo.-ago. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1409220

ABSTRACT

Las enfermedades reumáticas son un grupo de afecciones que se caracterizan por la presencia de manifestaciones y complicaciones sistémicas derivadas del proceso inflamatorio mantenido. Los reactantes de fase aguda, como es el caso de la proteína C reactiva constituyen un marcador de actividad de la enfermedad. Sin embargo, su utilidad se magnifica en los pacientes reumáticos que tienen que ser sometidos a una intervención quirúrgica, circunstancia en la que se tornan un marcador eficiente que muestra la magnitud del proceso inflamatorio. Se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 53 años edad, con diagnóstico de artritis reumatoide y síndrome de Sjögren secundario, que tuvo que ser sometida a intervención quirúrgica por diagnóstico de apendicitis aguda. Se realizó seguimiento clínico y de laboratorio utilizando la proteína C reactiva como marcador de elección para monitorear la intensidad del proceso inflamatorio resultante de la intervención quirúrgica y de los efectos de esta en la actividad clínica de las enfermedades reumáticas de base. Después del tratamiento quirúrgico y medicamentoso, la paciente fue dada de alta hospitalaria sin manifestaciones articulares, digestivas ni alteraciones de los exámenes de laboratorio(AU)


Rheumatic diseases are a group of conditions characterized by the presence of systemic manifestations and complications derived from the sustained inflammatory process. Acute phase reactants, such as C-reactive protein, constitute a marker of disease activity. However, its usefulness is magnified in those rheumatic patients who have to undergo surgery, being an efficient marker that shows the magnitude of the inflammatory process. We present the case of a 53-year-old female patient diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis and secondary Sjögren's syndrome who had to undergo surgery due to a diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Clinical and laboratory follow-up was performed using C-reactive protein as the marker of choice to monitor the intensity of the inflammatory process resulting from the surgical intervention and its effects on the clinical activity of underlying rheumatic diseases(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Appendicitis/surgery , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/complications , Surgical Procedures, Operative/methods , C-Reactive Protein/analysis , Sjogren's Syndrome/complications , Rheumatic Diseases/complications , Aftercare/methods
3.
Rev. cuba. reumatol ; 24(2): e1045, mayo.-ago. 2022. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1409206

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Los antinflamatorios no esteroideos son los medicamentos más recetados por reumatólogos y traumatólogos. Pero a pesar de tener una eficacia similar para controlar la inflamación y el dolor, los diferentes antinflamatorios no esteroideos disponibles presentan variabilidad en su perfil de seguridad. Objetivo: Brindar una panorámica sobre la prescripción de protectores gástricos en pacientes reumatológicos, en dos centros hospitalarios, desde una perspectiva gastroenterológica. Métodos: La investigación se inscribe en el paradigma cuantitativo con un estudio observacional. Se conformaron dos grupos de pacientes, uno de ellos provenientes del hospital A y el segundo grupo pertenecía al hospital B. Discusión: Los gastroprotectores se han convertido en los fármacos de mayor demanda en las farmacias comunitarias de Ecuador, y los más prescritos son los inhibidores de la bomba de protones y en menor frecuencia los antihistamínicos H2. Respecto a los gastroprotectores más frecuentemente prescritos, según nuestro estudio, estos valores podrían obedecer a la disponibilidad y los costos de la famotidina y el omeprazol con respecto a otros medicamentos de probada eficacia (ansoprazol, pantoprazol, rabeprazol y ranitidina). Conclusiones: Durante los últimos años, el uso de los fármacos gastroprotectores en América Latina ha experimentado un importante desarrollo, con la observancia de normas y guías clínicas de manejo de casos que ofrecen recomendaciones importantes al respecto. Por tanto, desde una perspectiva gastroenterológica, para tener éxito, es indispensable procurar un conocimiento de estos aportes y evidencias científicas(AU)


Introduction: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the most prescribed medications by rheumatologists and traumatologists. However, despite having similar efficacy in controlling inflammation and pain, the different available nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs show variability in their safety profile. Objective: To provide an overview of the prescription of gastric protectors in rheumatological patients, in two hospital centers, from a gastroenterological perspective. Methods: The research is part of the quantitative paradigm with an observational study. Two groups of patients were formed, one of them from hospital A and the second group belonged to hospital B. Discussion: Gastroprotectors have become the drugs in greatest demand in community pharmacies in Ecuador, the most prescribed being Proton Pump Inhibitors (IBPS) and, to a lesser extent, H2 antihistamines (anti-H2). Regarding the most frequently prescribed gastroprotectors, according to our study, these values ​​could be due to the availability and costs of famotidine and omeprazole compared to other drugs with proven effectiveness, such as ansoprazol, pantoprazole, rabeprazole and ranitidine. Conclusions: In recent years, the use of gastroprotective drugs in Latin America has undergone significant development, with the observance of clinical case management norms and guidelines that offer important recommendations in this regard. Therefore, from a gastroenterological perspective, to be successful, it is essential to seek knowledge of these contributions and scientific evidence(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Histamine H2 Antagonists/therapeutic use , Rheumatic Diseases/complications
4.
Rev. cuba. med ; 60(4)dic. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1408941

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La enfermedad por el coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) es causada por el síndrome respiratorio agudo severo coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Además de la invasión tisular directa, el SARS-CoV-2 también puede provocar una respuesta inmune exagerada del huésped, que con frecuencia conduce a una tormenta de citocinas, que contribuye, significativamente, a la disfunción multiorgánica. Las enfermedades autoinmunes se caracterizan por un estado proinflamatorio, aterosclerosis acelerada e incremento de la incidencia de complicaciones vasculares por lo que en estos pacientes existe un alto riesgo de complicaciones ante la presencia del SARS-CoV-2. La alteración en la regulación del sistema inmunológico, el aumento de la demanda metabólica y la actividad procoagulante probablemente explican parte del mayor riesgo de resultados adversos en las personas con enfermedad aterosclerótica relacionada con la COVID-19. Objetivo: Actualizar los conocimientos del personal de salud en el manejo de estas enfermedades. Método: Se realizó una búsqueda de artículos en PubMed, SciELO y Google Scholar con estrategia de vocabulario controlado, de diciembre 2019 a noviembre 2020. Se seleccionaron un total de 50 artículos. Desarrollo: La elevada producción de autoanticuerpos ya sea secundaria a la enfermedad reumática o por una infección intercurrente, puede estar implicada en el desarrollo de la disfunción endotelial, la progresión y la ruptura de la placa aterosclerótica. Conclusiones: Se ha demostrado que estas enfermedades crónicas autoinmunitarias se asocian a una elevada morbimortalidad cardiovascular por lo que el médico de estos tiempos tiene que ser capaz de reconocer estos pacientes(AU)


Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). In addition to direct tissue invasion, SARS-CoV-2 can also elicit an exaggerated host immune response, often leading to a cytokine storm, significantly contributing to multi-organ dysfunction. Autoimmune diseases are characterized by a pro-inflammatory state, accelerated atherosclerosis and an increased incidence of vascular complications, which is why there is a high risk of complications in the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in these patients. Altered immune system regulation, increased metabolic demand, and procoagulant activity likely explain part of the increased risk of adverse outcomes in people with Covid-19-related atherosclerotic disease. Objective: To update the knowledge of health personnel in the management of these diseases. Method: We reviewed articles in PubMed, SciELO and Google Scholar with a controlled vocabulary strategy, from December 2019 to November 2020. We selected a total of 50 articles. Findings: The high production of autoantibodies, whether secondary to rheumatic disease or due to intercurrent infection, may be involved in the development of endothelial dysfunction, the progression and rupture of the atherosclerotic plaque. Discussion: It has been shown that these autoimmune chronic diseases are associated with high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, so the doctor of these times must be able to recognize these patients(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Autoimmune Diseases/complications , Rheumatic Diseases/complications , Atherosclerosis/complications , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19/etiology
5.
Rev. cuba. reumatol ; 23(3)dic. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1409182

ABSTRACT

El acto quirúrgico constituye un elemento de estrés, principalmente en pacientes con enfermedades reumáticas en los que la actividad quirúrgica presenta características distintivas. Mantener un adecuado control de la actividad clínica de los pacientes con enfermedad reumática constituye un pilar fundamental para la recuperación posquirúrgica de las personas sometidas a cirugía electiva. Para ello es necesario orientar correctamente a los pacientes reumáticos tanto en el preoperatorio como en el posoperatorio. Solo de esta forma se logrará una adecuada recuperación quirúrgica sin poner en riesgo el control de la enfermedad reumática. El siguiente reporte tiene como objetivo describir las recomendaciones pre- y posquirúrgicas de la cirugía electiva en pacientes con enfermedades reumáticas, lo que permitirá orientar correctamente a las personas y disminuir la morbilidad relacionada con la realización de procedimientos quirúrgicos en los pacientes diagnosticados con enfermedades reumáticas(AU)


The surgical act constitutes an element of stress, mainly in patients with rheumatic diseases in whom the surgical activity presents distinctive characteristics. Maintaining adequate control of the clinical activity of patients with rheumatic disease constitutes a fundamental pillar for the post-surgical recovery of people undergoing elective surgery. For this, it is necessary to correctly guide rheumatic patients both preoperatively and postoperatively. Only from this will an adequate surgical recovery be achieved without jeopardizing the control of the rheumatic disease. The objective of the following report is to describe the pre and post-surgical recommendations for elective surgery in patients with rheumatic diseases, which will allow people to be correctly oriented and reduce the morbidity related to the performance of surgical procedures in patients diagnosed with rheumatic diseases(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Surgical Procedures, Operative/methods , Rheumatic Diseases/complications
6.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 34(4): 431-442, July-Aug. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1286827

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background Although cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in women, few data exist on risk factors and treatment of these diseases in women. This leads to a delay in the institution of appropriate therapies and worse outcomes in this population. Objective We aimed to identify predictors of morbidity and mortality in women undergoing isolated mitral valve replacement. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study with 104 women who underwent isolated mitral valve replacement at a referral hospital for treatment of cardiovascular diseases, performed from January 2011 to December 2016. Data were obtained from medical records. Statistical analysis was performed to calculate odds ratio, unpaired Student's t-test, and binary logistic regression. P values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results Mean age of patients was 43.73 (±13.85) years. Most patients had a diagnosis of rheumatic disease prior to surgery (76%; N=79). Mortality rate was 4.9% (N = 5). There was a statistically higher risk of death among patients with reduced ejection fraction (EF) (<50%) (OR = 14.833, 95% CI 2.183 - 100.778, P=0.001) and older age (P = 0.009). There was an inverse association between a previous diagnosis of rheumatic disease and death (OR = 0.064, 95% CI 0.007 - 0.606, P=0.002). Logistic regression showed reduced EF at preoperative evaluation as a predictor of death and a diagnosis of rheumatic disease as a protective factor. Conclusion Older age and reduced EF were associated with postoperative mortality. Reduced EF was a predictor of death, and rheumatic disease was associated with better surgical outcomes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Stroke Volume , Age Factors , Mitral Valve Annuloplasty/adverse effects , Rheumatic Diseases/complications , Retrospective Studies , Mitral Valve Annuloplasty/mortality , Mitral Valve Annuloplasty/rehabilitation
7.
Autops. Case Rep ; 11: e2020237, 2021. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1153177

ABSTRACT

Whipple's Disease, a rare diagnosis caused by the slow-growing bacterium Tropheryma whipplei, most often presents with the classically described signs of malabsorption due to gastrointestinal colonization. However, it can also have signs and symptoms that clinically overlap with rheumatic diseases, potentially resulting in misdiagnosis. Furthermore, treatment with modern potent biologic immunosuppressive agents and classic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) can lead to serious exacerbation of undiagnosed infections. We present the case of a middle-aged woman with long term complaints of arthalgias, who was diagnosed with seronegative rheumatoid arthritis and subsequently treated for almost 7 years with such immunosuppressive therapies. The patient's disease course included chronic diarrhea that abruptly intensified and culminated in fatal hypovolemic shock/sepsis. A diagnosis of WD was made by autopsy examination, wherein several organ systems were found to be heavily involved by Tropheryma whipplei organisms, and their identification was confirmed with histochemical and molecular evaluation. Notably, most bacterial organisms were located deeply in the submucosa/muscularis of affected organs, a practical reminder to practicing pathologists that challenges the classic histopathologic description of Whipple disease as an infiltration of predominantly lamina propria, and the potential for sampling bias in typically superficial endoscopic biopsies during routine procedures.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Actinomycetales Infections/pathology , Tropheryma , Whipple Disease/complications , Whipple Disease/pathology , Autopsy , Rheumatic Diseases/complications , Sepsis/etiology , Diagnostic Errors/prevention & control
8.
Actual. osteol ; 17(1): 8-17, 2021. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS, UNISALUD, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1291888

ABSTRACT

Objective: The main purpose of this study was to evaluate serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels and its association with in"ammatory markers in patients with rheumatologic diseases (RD). Methods: A cross-sectional study in 154 women with RD (rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritis and other connective tissue diseases) and 112 healthy individuals as a control group (CG) was carried out. Results: No differences in serum and urine calcium, serum phosphate, and urinary deoxypyridinoline were found. RD group had lower 25OHD and higher PTH compared to CG. RD group had higher C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) compared to CG. The overall mean level of 25OHD (ng/ml) was 26.3±12.0 in the CG and 19.4±6.8 in the RD group (p<0.0001). Moreover, CG had lower percentage of individuals with 25OHD de!ciency compared to RD (29.9% vs 53.2%). The femoral neck BMD was signi!cantly lower in postmenopausal RD women compared to CG. 25OHD levels signi!cantly correlated with ESR and CRP as in"ammatory markers. Age, BMI, presence of RD, and CRP were signi!cantly and negatively associated with 25OHD levels through linear regression analysis. According to univariate logistic regression analysis for 25OHD deficiency (<20 ng/ml), a significant and negative association with BMI, presence of RD, ESR and CRP were found. Conclusion: Patients with RD had lower 25OHD levels than controls and the presence of a RD increases by 2.66 the risk of vitamin D de!ciency. In addition, 25OHD has a negative correlation with ESR and CRP as in"ammatory markers. (AU)


Objetivo El objetivo principal de este estudio fue evaluar los niveles séricos de 25-hidroxivitamina D (25OHD) y su asociación con marcadores inflamatorios en enfermedades reumatológicas. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal en 154 mujeres con enfermedades reumatológicas (artritis reumatoide, espondiloartritis y otras enfermedades del tejido conectivo) y 112 individuos sanos como grupo control (GC). Resultados: No se encontraron diferencias en el calcio sérico y urinario, el fosfato sérico y la desoxipiridinolina urinaria entre el GC y los sujetos con enfermedades reumatológicas. El grupo de pacientes con enfermedades reumatológicas tenía 25OHD más bajo y PTH más alto en comparación con el GC. Asimismo, el grupo de individuos con enfermedades reumatológicas tenía proteína C reactiva (PCR) y velocidad de eritrosedimentación (VES) más altas en comparación con el GC. El nivel de 25OHD (ng/ml) fue 26,3±12,0 en el GC y 19,4±6,8 en el grupo con enfermedades reumatológicas (p<0,0001). Además, el GC presentó un porcentaje menor de deficiencia de 25OHD en comparación con el grupo con enfermedades reumatológicas (29,9% vs 53,2%). La DMO del cuello femoral fue significativamente menor en las mujeres posmenopáusicas con enfermedades reumatológicas en comparación con el GC. La 25OHD correlacionó significativamente con la VES y la PCR como marcadores inflamatorios. El análisis de regresión lineal mostró que la edad, el IMC, la presencia de una enfermedad reumatológica y la PCR se asociaron significativa y negativamente con los niveles de 25OHD. Mientras que el análisis de regresión logística univariada mostró que la deficiencia de 25OHD (<20 ng/ml), se asoció significativa y negativamente con el IMC, la presencia de una enfermedad reumatológica, la VES y los niveles de PCR. Conclusiones: Los pacientes con enfermedades reumatológicas tenían niveles de 25OHD más bajos que los controles y la presencia de una enfermedad reumatológica aumenta en 2.66 el riesgo de deficiencia de vitamina D. Además, la 25OHD mostró correlación negativa con la VES y la PCR como marcadores inflamatorios. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Vitamin D/analogs & derivatives , Vitamin D/blood , Vitamin D Deficiency/etiology , Biomarkers , Rheumatic Diseases/complications , Inflammation/blood , Phosphates/blood , Blood Sedimentation , C-Reactive Protein , Body Mass Index , Bone Density , Logistic Models , Calcium/urine , Calcium/blood , Rheumatic Diseases/blood , Risk , Cross-Sectional Studies , Postmenopause , Amino Acids/urine
9.
Rev. cuba. reumatol ; 22(2): e831, mayo.-ago. 2020.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1126812

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La COVID-19 o enfermedad provocada por el nuevo coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 afecta también a la población pediátrica. Ante el actual brote de la pandemia en Cuba, se han generado muchas inquietudes entre los pacientes que padecen alguna enfermedad reumática de la infancia y sus familiares. Estos niños pueden catalogarse como de riesgo de manera especial. Objetivos: Reflexionar sobre las recomendaciones dadas a los pacientes con enfermedad reumática ante la pandemia de COVID-19 y brindar nuevas recomendaciones adecuadas a nuestro contexto social a los pacientes pediátricos cubanos con enfermedad reumática. Métodos: Revisión documental. Se emplearon motores de búsqueda (Google académico y SciELO-Scientific Electronic Library Online), y se analizaron evidencias científicas, preprints y revisiones narrativas. Se realizaron recomendaciones basadas en estas. Conclusiones: Las recomendaciones ofrecidas, a partir de la revisión realizada, se han adaptado al contexto social del paciente pediátrico cubano con enfermedad reumática. También se ha hecho referencia a las medidas tomadas por nuestro gobierno y los diferentes ministerios, así como a sitios oficiales de información, y que tienen validez para los ciudadanos cubanos. Se insiste en que cualquier manejo, medida o sugerencia ante la COVID-19 se debe personalizar a cada paciente y grupo de pacientes en cuestión, por región, país y provincia, de acuerdo con el entorno propio y la enfermedad de base(AU)


Introduction: The COVID-19 or disease caused by the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, in its transmission does not distinguish age, and the pediatric population may also be affected. Given the current outbreak of the pandemic in our country, there have been several concerns that have been generated among patients and their families who suffer from a childhood rheumatic disease and that can be classified as at risk in a special way. Objectives: To reflect on the recommendations given to patients with rheumatism due to the SARS-Cov-2 coronavirus pandemic and to offer our own recommendations to Cuban pediatric patients with rheumatic disease already appropriate to our social context. Methods: Documentary review. Search engines (Google academic and SciELO-Scientific Electronic Library Online) were used, and scientific evidence, preprints and narrative reviews were analyzed, recommendations based on them were made. Conclusions: The recommendations given by the authors based on the review carried out have been adapted to the social context of the Cuban pediatric patient with rheumatic disease. Thus, reference has also been made to measures taken by our government and the different ministries, to official information sites, which are understood and have validity for Cuban citizens. Any handling, measure or suggestion before the COVID-19 must be personalized to each patient and group of patients in question, by region, country, province, according to their own environment(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , World Health Organization , Rheumatic Diseases/complications , Coronavirus Infections/complications , Pandemics
10.
Rev. cuba. reumatol ; 22(1): e107, ene.-abr. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1126796

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las enfermedades reumáticas son un grupo de alrededor de 250 enfermedades que se caracterizan por afectar fundamentalmente el sistema osteomioarticular. En su mayoría se consideran enfermedades sistémicas, ya que pueden afectar cualquier órgano o sistema de órganos del cuerpo humano. Una de las complicaciones más graves es el daño al sistema cardiovascular. Objetivo: Describir el comportamiento de los factores de riesgo de afectación cardiovascular en los pacientes con enfermedades reumáticas. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal, en 87 pacientes con diagnóstico de distintas enfermedades reumáticas. Para el diagnóstico positivo se tuvieron en cuenta los criterios del American College of Rheumatology. Se aplicó un cuestionario creado específicamente para la investigación; se realizaron exámenes complementarios; se determinaron medidas antropométricas; y se revisaron las historias clínicas para comprobar los factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Se empleó el índice de correlación de Pearson para determinar la correlación entre las variables del estudio. Resultados: El promedio de edad de la muestra de estudio fue de 57,82 años, con predominio de pacientes con artritis reumatoide (63,33 por ciento) y tiempo de evolución entre 1 y 5 años (59,77 por ciento). Solo el 25,29 por ciento presentaba normopeso y el 28,74 por ciento tenía daño cardiovascular. Conclusiones: Las enfermedades reumáticas constituyen por sí solas un factor de riesgo de daño cardiovascular; el tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad y las alteraciones del estado nutricional son los elementos que mayor incidencia tienen en la afectación cardiovascular de estos pacientes.


Introduction: Rheumatic diseases are a group of around 250 diseases that are characterized by fundamentally affecting the osteomyoarticular system. Most of them are considered as systemic diseases because they can affect any organ or organ system of the human body. Cardiovascular damage is one of the most frequent complications among rheumatic diseases patients. Objective: To describe risk factor's behavior of cardiovascular affectation in patients with rheumatic diseases. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in 87 patients diagnosed with different rheumatic diseases. For the positive diagnosis, the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology were taken into account. A questionnaire created specifically for the research was applied, complementary tests were carried out, anthropometric measures were determined and the clinical history was reviewed to determine the cardiovascular risk factors. The Pearson correlation index was used to determine correlation among the study variables. Results: The average age of studied patients was 57.82 years old, with predominance of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (63.22 percent) and time evolution between 1 and 5 years (59.77 percent). Only 25.29 percent had normal weight and 28.74 percent presented cardiovascular damage. Conclusions: Rheumatic diseases are by themselves a risk factor for cardiovascular damage; the time of evolution of the disease and the alterations of the nutritional status are the elements that have the highest incidence on the presence of cardiovascular affectation(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/prevention & control , Cardiovascular Diseases/complications , Rheumatic Diseases/complications , Nutritional Status , Heart Disease Risk Factors , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Ecuador
11.
Rev. chil. reumatol ; 36(2): 69-72, 2020.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1282440

ABSTRACT

El Citomegalovirus es un microorganismo capaz de generar infecciones severas en pacientes inmunosuprimidos. Existe abundante información respecto a la infección en pacientes inmunosuprimidos por VIH o en relación a trasplante de órganos sólidos o hematopoyéticos. No ocurre lo mismo con los pacientes portadores de enfermedades autoinmunes. Si bien la clínica puede ser inespecífica y dificultar la sospecha diagnóstica, la clave está en determinar al paciente de riesgo para la infección y así realizar un diagnóstico precoz. Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 56 años, portadora de una polimiositis de difícil tratamiento, que en un contexto de terapia en base a corticoides e inmunosupresores (azatioprina y metotrexato), desarrolla cuadro febril asociado a fatiga, cuyo estudio concluyó una infección por Citomegalovirus, tratado exitosamente con Valganciclovir.


Cytomegalovirus is a microorganism associated with severe infections in immunosuppressed patients. There is abundant information regarding infection in HIV immunosuppressed patients or in relation to solid or hematopoietic organ transplantation. The same does not happen with patients with rheumatic diseases. Although the clinic can be nonspecific and hinder diagnostic suspicion, the key is to determine the patient at risk for the infection and thus make an early diagnosis. We present a case of a 56-year-old woman with a difficult-to-treat polymyositis, who, in a context of corticosteroid and immunosuppressive agents (azathioprine and methotrexate), develops a fever associated with fatigue, whose study con-cluded an infection due to Cytomegalovirus, successfully treated with Valganci-clovir.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Rheumatic Diseases/complications , Immunosuppression Therapy/adverse effects , Cytomegalovirus/immunology , Rheumatic Diseases/drug therapy , Polymyositis , Cytomegalovirus Infections , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use
12.
Rev. chil. reumatol ; 36(1): 5-9, 2020.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1146594

ABSTRACT

La infección por el virus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) ha planteado importantes de-safíos para pacientes con enfermedades reumatológicas autoinmunes en tratamiento con agentes biológicos. Actualmente no hay evidencia contundente sobre cómo esta terapia afecta el riesgo de adquirir esta infección o su evolución. Sin embargo, hay datos sobre el riesgo de infecciones virales con agentes biológicos en pacientes con enfermedades reumatológicas y específicamente cuál ha sido la experiencia de pacientes inmunosuprimidos con otros coronavirus. Además, ya se han publicado algunos estudios observacionales que han examinado la incidencia y severidad de COVID-19 en pacientes usuarios de biológicos. Por último, el cre-ciente conocimiento sobre la fisiopatología de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 está paradójicamente apoyando el papel beneficioso de algunos agentes biológicos como los inhibidores de IL-6 (Tocilizumab) e IL-1 (Anakinra) en COVID-19 grave. Se revisará la evidencia disponible para el manejo de pacientes reumatológicos con terapias biológicas en tiempos de pandemia.


The infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has posed significant challenges for patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases being treated with biological agents. There is currently no conclusive evidence on how this therapy affects the risk of acquiring this infection or its outcomes. However, there are data on the risk of viral infections with biological agents in patients with rheumatologic diseas-es, and specifically what has been the experience of immunosuppressed patients with other coronaviruses. In addition, some observational studies have already been published that have examined the incidence and severity of COVID-19 in pa-tients using biologics. Finally, the growing knowledge about the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection is paradoxically supporting the beneficial role of some biological agents such as IL-6 (Tocilizumab) and IL-1 (Anakinra) inhibitors in severe COVID-19. The available evidence for the management of rheumatology patients with biological therapies in times of pandemic will be reviewed.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pneumonia, Viral , Biological Therapy/adverse effects , Rheumatic Diseases/complications , Rheumatic Diseases/therapy , Coronavirus Infections/therapy , Pandemics , Betacoronavirus
13.
Rev. cuba. reumatol ; 22(supl.1): e859, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1280387

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La enfermedad cardiovascular es un problema frecuente en pacientes con trastornos reumáticos sistémicos. Los pacientes pueden padecer una enfermedad asociada a afección cardiaca en el momento del diagnóstico o en una fase posterior del curso de la enfermedad reumática. Objetivo: Determinar las variables que se involucran en la enfermedad coronaria en pacientes reumáticos. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación estadístico-inferencial a partir de una variable dicotómica con variables medidas en escalas de razón y cualitativas, y el modelo de regresión logística binaria. Durante un periodo de 2 años se atendieron en consulta a 105 pacientes reumáticos del Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social, interconsultados en cardiología. Al tratarse de una población no muy numerosa (105 pacientes), pues esta consulta se hizo solamente una vez cada seis meses, por un especio de 5 horas. Se estudiaron los factores más representativos como edad, género, peso en libras, estatura en centímetros, ingresos en dólares y el estado civil. Resultados: La tabla permitió evaluar el ajuste del modelo de regresión (hasta este momento, con un solo parámetro en la ecuación), comparando los valores predichos con los valores observados. El modelo tuvo una especificidad alta (96,2 por ciento) y una sensibilidad baja (10,3 por ciento). La ecuación logística permitió determinar si un paciente que cumplía con las características de ingresos, edad, peso y estatura determinadas, se podría considerar en el grupo que, a priori, podría padecer de enfermedad coronaria o no. El paciente evaluado con las características descritas, tuvo un 99,99 por ciento de probabilidad de padecer la enfermedad coronaria. Conclusiones: A través de una ecuación logística se logró determinar si un paciente que cumple con las características de edad e ingresos determinados, se podría considerar en el grupo que, a priori, podría padecer de enfermedad coronaria o no(AU)


Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is a frequent problem in patients with systemic rheumatic disorders. Patients may present with disease associated with heart disease at the time of diagnosis or at a later stage in the course of rheumatic disease. Objective: In the present investigation, the main objective is to determine the variables that are involved in the coronary heart disease process in rheumatic patients and the most representative factors such as: age, gender, weight in pounds, height in centimeters, income in dollars and the marital status in a group of rheumatic patients over a period of two years, treated in consultation with the Ecuadorian Social Security Institute. Methods: During a two-year period, a group of rheumatic patients from the IESS were consulted, consulted in a specialized cardiology consultation. Being a not very large population (105 patients), since this consultation was made only once every six months, for a period of 5 hours. Results: The table allows evaluating the fit of the regression model (until now, with a single parameter in the equation), comparing the predicted values with the observed values. Conclusions: Through a logistic equation, it was possible to determine if a patient who meets the characteristics of age and income determined, could be considered in the group that, a priori, could have coronary heart disease or not(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Cardiovascular Diseases , Rheumatic Diseases/complications , Coronary Disease/complications , Weights and Measures , Logistic Models , Probability , Ecuador
14.
Rev. chil. enferm. respir ; 35(4): 278-281, dic. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1092707

ABSTRACT

Las Enfermedades del Tejido Conectivo (ETC) comprenden un grupo heterogéneo de patologías multisistémicas de origen autoinmune. La Enfermedad pulmonar intersticial (EPI) asociada a ETC (EPI-ETC) es frecuente y empeora el pronóstico de la ETC. Las EPI-ETC representan aproximadamente 15-30% del total las EPI y se presentan con las mismas formas histopatológicas y radiológicas descritas para las EPI idiopáticas. Esto pone en evidencia la importancia de incorporar en forma rutinaria a reumatología en el comité multidisciplinario para el diagnóstico y manejo de las EPI.


Connective Tissue Diseases (CTD) comprise a heterogeneous group of multisystemic pathologies of autoimmune origin. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) associated with CTD (CTD-ILD) is common and and it worsens the prognosis of CTD. CTD-ILD represent approximately 15-30% of the universe of ILD and have the same histopathological and radiological forms described for idiopathic ILD. This highlights the importance of routinely incorporate a rheumatologist into the multidisciplinary committee for the diagnosis and management of ILD.


Subject(s)
Humans , Rheumatic Diseases/complications , Connective Tissue Diseases/complications , Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis/diagnosis , Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis/immunology , Rheumatic Diseases/diagnosis , Connective Tissue Diseases/diagnosis
15.
Rev. cuba. reumatol ; 21(2): e85, mayo.-ago. 2019.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1093816

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el dolor en el paciente reumático puede presentarse, en forma de dolor agudo o crónico, de carácter más complejo, de mayor duración (a partir de 3 meses) o que permanece una vez solucionada la lesión. Objetivo: precisar algunas regularidades sobre este tipo de dolor en el paciente reumático. Desarrollo: es de alta significación considerar en la evaluación del enfermo con dolor crónico el rol de las vías de afrontamiento. Conclusiones: el carácter del manejo del dolor es multifactorial, lo que obliga a implementar intervenciones multifactoriales complejas para perfeccionar el tratamiento apropiado(AU)


Introduction: the pain in the rheumatic patient can present, in the form of acute or chronic pain, more complex nature, of greater duration (from 3 months) or that remains after the injury has been resolved. Objective: to focus on some regularities on this type of pain in the rheumatic patient. Development: it is highly significant to consider in the evaluation of the patient with chronic pain the role of the coping ways. Conclusions: the character of pain management is multifactorial, which requires the implementation of complex multifactorial interventions to perfect the appropriate treatment(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Chronic Pain/prevention & control , Pain Management/methods , Rheumatic Diseases/complications
16.
Rev. chil. enferm. respir ; 35(3): 191-198, 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1058074

ABSTRACT

La aspergilosis pulmonar invasora (API) es una infección causada por hongos del género Aspergillus que afecta principalmente a pacientes inmunocomprometidos y corresponde a la forma más grave de aspergilosis. Se asocia a una alta morbi-mortalidad, siendo fundamental un diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno. Las manifestaciones clínicas son inespecíficas, por lo que un estudio adecuado es importante para el diagnóstico, principalmente en pacientes con factores de riesgo poco habituales. En la actualidad se han establecido categorías diagnósticas que consideran factores del hospedero, laboratorio micológico tradicional y biomarcadores como galactomanano. Éstos, junto a la mejor comprensión e interpretación de las imágenes tomográficas permiten ofrecer un manejo adecuado. En este artículo, se presentan dos casos clínicos de API en pacientes reumatológicos, y se discute la utilidad de los métodos diagnósticos.


Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is an infection caused by fungi of the genus Aspergillus that mainly affects immunocompromised patients and corresponds to the most severe form of aspergillosis. It is associated with high morbidity and mortality, and diagnosis and timely treatment are essential. Clinical manifestations are nonspecific, so an adequate study is important for diagnosis, mainly in patients with unusual risk factors. At present, diagnostic categories have been established that consider factors of the host, traditional mycological laboratory and biomarkers such as galactomannan. These, together with the better understanding and interpretation of the tomographic images, allow us to offer an adequate management. In this article, two clinical cases of API in rheumatological patients are presented, and the usefulness of the diagnostic methods is discussed.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Rheumatic Diseases/complications , Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis/complications , Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis/diagnosis , Biomarkers/analysis , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Immunocompromised Host , Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis/drug therapy , Voriconazole/therapeutic use , Mannans/analysis , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use
17.
J. bras. pneumol ; 45(2): e20190023, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1002432

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Most people infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) do not have any signs or disease symptoms, a condition known as latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). The introduction of biological agents, mainly tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors, for the treatment of immune-mediated diseases such as Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and other rheumatic diseases, increased the risk of reactivation of LTBI, leading to development of active TB. Thus, this review will approach the aspects related to LTBI in patients with rheumatologic diseases, especially those using iTNF drugs. For this purpose it will be considered the definition and prevalence of LTBI, mechanisms associated with diseases and medications in use, criteria for screening, diagnosis and treatment. Considering that reactivation of LTBI accounts for a large proportion of the incidence of active TB, adequate diagnosis and treatment are crucial, especially in high-risk groups such as patients with rheumatologic diseases.


RESUMO A maioria das pessoas infectadas por Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) não possui sinais ou sintomas da doença, quadro conhecido como infecção latente por tuberculose (ILTB). A introdução de agentes biológicos, sobretudo inibidores do fator de necrose tumoral (iTNF), para o tratamento de doenças imunomediadas, como artrite reumatoide (AR) e outras doenças reumatológicas, aumentou o risco de reativação de ILTB, levando ao desenvolvimento de tuberculose (TB) ativa. Assim, esta revisão abordará os aspectos relacionados à ILTB em pacientes com doenças reumatológicas, especialmente naqueles em uso de medicamentos iTNF. Para tanto, serão considerados a definição e a prevalência de ILTB, os mecanismos associados às doenças e às medicações em uso, bem como os critérios para rastreamento, diagnóstico e tratamento da ILTB. Como a reativação da ILTB é responsável pela grande proporção de casos de TB ativa, o diagnóstico e o tratamento adequados são cruciais, principalmente em grupos de alto risco, como os pacientes com doenças reumatológicas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Rheumatic Diseases/complications , Rheumatic Diseases/drug therapy , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/antagonists & inhibitors , Latent Tuberculosis/etiology , Tuberculin Test , Risk Factors , Antirheumatic Agents/adverse effects , Latent Tuberculosis/diagnosis , Latent Tuberculosis/drug therapy , Interferon-gamma Release Tests
18.
Rev. cuba. reumatol ; 20(3): e650, sept.-dic. 2018.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1093790

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La infección por VIH/SIDA constituye uno de los principales problemas de salud en el mundo con elevadas tasas de morbilidad y mortalidad demostradas. En diferentes estudios epidemiológicos ha quedado confirmado que 36,3 millones de personas vivían con el VIH hasta el año 2015 en todo el mundo. Hasta este momento 78 millones han sido infectados desde 1981, año en que comenzó la epidemia, y el 25 por ciento de los pacientes desconocen que están infectados, lo cual propicia el contagio. Objetivo: Realizar una revisión bibliográfica relacionada con la infección por el VIH/SIDA, sus complicaciones en las enfermedades reumáticas y metabólicas y su respuesta al tratamiento antirretroviral de alta eficiencia. Método: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en bases de datos nacionales e internacionales y en diferentes fuentes de información para recuperar los artículos relacionados con el tema sobre el VIH-SIDA, las complicaciones reumáticas y metabólicas y su respuesta al tratamiento antirretroviral de alta eficiencia, tema escogido para este trabajo. Resultados: Se recuperaron 78 artículos y nueve textos que trataban temas relacionados con la infección por VIH-SIDA; de ellos fueron útiles para nuestros objetivos 55 documentos que forman parte de nuestras referencias bibliográficas, los cuales agrupamos de acuerdo con los diferentes temas planteados para este estudio y se llegó a conclusiones útiles para nuestra comunidad científica. Conclusiones: Las enfermedades reumáticas y autoinmunes han sido diagnosticadas con mucha frecuencia en los pacientes infectados con el VIH-SIDA en Cuba y en el mundo antes del tratamiento antirretroviral de alta eficiencia, mediante el cual ha aumentado la expectativa de supervivencia de estos enfermos y disminuido la aparición de síntomas clínicos y afecciones, así como infecciones oportunistas, después de su inclusión en el enfoque terapéutico(AU)


Introduction: HIV/AIDS infection is one of the main health problems worldwide, with high morbidity and mortality. Different epidemiological studies have confirmed that 36.3 million people worldwide were living with HIV until 2015. So far, 78 million have been infected since 1981, the year in which the epidemic began, and 25 percent of patients do not know they are infected, which spreads infection. Objective: To carry out a literature review about HIV/AIDS infection, its complications in rheumatic metabolic manifestations, and its response to highly efficient antiretroviral treatment. Method: A literature search was carried out in the databases PudMed/MEDLINE, Cumed and Lilac, as well as in the regional information sources SciELO and ScienceDirect, using the key phrases manifestaciones reumáticas y VIH-SIDA [rheumatic manifestations and HIV-AIDS], complicaciones metabólicas y VIH-SIDA [metabolic complications and HIV-AIDS], tratamiento antirretroviral de alta eficiencia y VIH-SIDA [high-efficiency antiretroviral treatment and HIV-AIDS], in order to recover the articles about HIV-AIDS and rheumatic and metabolic complications and their response to highly efficient antiretroviral treatment. Results: 78 articles and nine texts dealing about the aforementioned topics were recovered; of them, 55 documents that are part of our bibliographical references were useful for our purposes, which were grouped according to the different topics proposed for this study. We reached useful conclusions for our scientific community. Conclusions: Rheumatic and autoimmune diseases have been diagnosed very frequently in patients infected with HIV/AIDS in Cuba and worldwide during the era prior to highly efficient antiretroviral treatment. Its incorporation into the therapeutic approach has increased the survival expectations of these patients, in addition to the substantial decrease in the appearance of clinical symptoms and conditions, especially the inflammatory arthritic conditions, seronegative spondyloarthropathies, psoriasis and opportunistic infections(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Autoimmune Diseases , Rheumatic Diseases/complications , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , HIV/metabolism , Spondylarthropathies , Epidemiologic Studies , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/methods
19.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 76(11): 751-755, Nov. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-973934

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To report cases of children and adolescents diagnosed with pseudotumor cerebri associated or not with rheumatic disease. Methods: This was a retrospective study based on medical reports of 29 patients, up to 18 years of age and diagnosed with pseudotumor cerebri, followed up in the Pediatric Rheumatology and Neurology outpatient clinics of a tertiary hospital, until December 2016. Results: Among the 29 patients diagnosed with pseudotumor cerebri, 51.7% were girls and the mean age at the disease onset was 12.3 years. In 18 patients (62%) where an etiology was found, four were associated with a rheumatic disease. The most common symptom was headache (69%) and acetazolamide was the most used medication (69%). Two patients developed blindness and 10 are still being followed up. Conclusion: Although rare, pseudotumor cerebri should be considered in children with headaches, especially in patients with rheumatic disease.


RESUMO Relatar os casos de crianças e adolescentes com diagnóstico de pseudotumor cerebral com ou sem doença reumática. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo através de revisão de prontuários, 29 pacientes com idade até 18 anos e diagnóstico de pseudotumor, atendidos nos ambulatórios de Reumatologia Pediátrica e Neurologia de um hospital terciário, registrados até dezembro de 2016. Resultados: Dentre os 29 pacientes com diagnóstico de pseudotumor cerebral, 51,7% eram meninas. A média de idade de aparecimento dos sintomas foi de 12,3 anos. Em relação à etiologia do pseudotumor cerebral, em 18 pacientes (62%) foi possível identificar uma causa, sendo o diagnóstico de doença reumática associada em quatro desses casos. Cefaléia foi o sintoma mais frequente (69%), e a medicação mais utilizada foi a acetazolamida (69%). Dois pacientes evoluíram para cegueira e 10 ainda se encontram em seguimento ambulatorial. Conclusão: Concluímos que, apesar de raro, o diagnóstico de pseudotumor cerebral deve ser considerado em crianças com cefaleia, principalmente nos pacientes com doença reumática.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Pseudotumor Cerebri/diagnosis , Rheumatic Diseases/diagnosis , Pseudotumor Cerebri/etiology , Pseudotumor Cerebri/drug therapy , Papilledema/etiology , Rheumatic Diseases/complications , Retrospective Studies , Headache/complications , Acetazolamide/therapeutic use
20.
Rev. bras. reumatol ; 57(3): 245-253, May-June 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-899412

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction: Children and adolescents with rheumatic diseases receiving TNF blockers are at risk for the activation of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Although LTBI treatment is indicated in this group, there are different therapeutic regimens in the literature, without a definite consensus. Objectives: To review in the literature therapeutic schemes used and indicated for the treatment of LTBI in these patients. Methods: Systematic review of the literature, using health databases, selecting studies that addressed the treatment of LTBI in patients with juvenile rheumatic diseases using TNF blockers, from 1990 to 2015. All study designs were considered. Results: A total of 162 studies were identified through the electronic databases and one was found through a manual search by the author, totaling 163 articles. We excluded studies that did not meet the mentioned inclusion criteria, and included a retrospective cohort study and two prospective cohort studies. The three studies addressed treatment with isoniazid (INH) for 9 months and one of them also addressed INH treatment associated with rifampicin for 3 months. Conclusions: Only one case of LTBI activation was observed; there was good treatment adherence and absence of complications during follow-up. More studies are necessary to evaluate the response to the other available therapeutic regimens, with better tolerability assessment and a larger sample. However, the results showed that INH therapy for 9 months and INH therapy plus rifampicin for 3 months had a low rate of LTBI activation and complications.


RESUMO Introdução: Crianças e adolescentes com doenças reumáticas em terapia anti-TNF-α são grupo de risco para ativação da infecção latente por Mycobacterium tuberculosis (ILTB). Embora o tratamento da ILTB seja indicado nesse grupo, existem diferentes esquemas terapêuticos na literatura, sem um consenso definido. Objetivos: Revisar na literatura esquemas terapêuticos usados e indicados para o tratamento da ILTB nesses pacientes. Métodos: Revisão sistemática da literatura, nas bases de dados em saúde, selecionaram-se estudos que abordaram o tratamento da ILTB em pacientes reumáticos juvenis em uso de anti-TNF-α, de 1990 a 2015. Todos os desenhos de estudo foram considerados. Resultados: Foram identificados através das bases de dados eletrônicas 162 estudos e um foi encontrado por meio de busca manual do autor, total de 163. Foram excluídos os estudos que não atenderam aos critérios de inclusão referidos, incluídos um estudo de coorte retrospectiva e dois de estudos de coorte prospectivas. Os três estudos abordaram o tratamento com isoniazida (INH) por nove meses e um deles abordou também o tratamento com INH associado a rifampicina por três meses. Conclusões: Foi observado apenas um caso de ativação da ILTB; uma boa adesão ao tratamento e ausência de complicações durante o acompanhamento. Mais estudos são necessários para avaliar a resposta aos outros esquemas terapêuticos disponíveis, com melhor avaliação da tolerabilidade e maior amostra. Porém, os resultados mostraram que a terapia com INH por nove meses e a terapia com INH mais rifampicina por três meses têm baixo índice de ativação e complicações.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Rheumatic Diseases/complications , Latent Tuberculosis/drug therapy , Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use , Treatment Outcome , Latent Tuberculosis/complications
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